setting standards for translation assessment has usually been problematic for authorities, theoreticians, and most commonly instructors. it is often difficult to tell the difference between translation evaluation, criticism, and assessment due to hardships of bridging the gap between theory and practice. the aim of this study was to create a rubric against which translations could be assessed. ...

in this research, different english translations of sa‘di’s bustan were studied. an anecdote was selected randomly with its three english translations to identify whether or not the translators have managed to convey the messages of the original poem. the three selected translations were examined according to two of the criteria that larson (1984) has proposed (accuracy and naturalness) for tes...

translation, whose first traces date back at least to 3000 bc (newmark, 1988), has always been considered time-consuming and labor-consuming. in view of this, experts have made numerous efforts to develop some mechanical systems which can reduce part of this time and labor. the advancement of computers in the second half of the twentieth century paved the ground for the invention of machine tra...

the aim of this study is to examine the role of gender in translation and the accuracy of translation, and thereby determine whether there is any difference between translations carried out by female and male translators in terms of translation accuracy. two english novels and two translations for each, one by a female and the other by a male translator, were selected. each translation was comp...

Plagiarism which is defined as “the wrongful appropriation of other writers’ or authors’ works and ideas without citing or informing them” poses a major challenge to knowledge spread publication. Plagiarism has been placed in four categories of direct, paraphrasing (rewriting), translation, and combinatory. This paper addresses translational plagiarism which is sometimes referred to as cross-li...

ULTRA (Universal Language Translator) is a multi-lingua] bidirectional translation system between English, Spanish, German, Japanese and Chinese. It employs an interlingua] structure to translate among these five languages. An interlingual representation is used as a deep structure through which any pair of these languages can be translated in either direction. This paper describes some techniq...